25 November 2009

Nov 20 – Nov 25, 2009

Pakistan’s Nuclear Weapons: how safe are they?
ISN, November 18, 2009
This brief discusses the safety and security of Pakistani nuclear facilities in the face of terrorism. It discusses US involvement in protecting the facilities and the steps Pakistan has taken to prevent their misuse or misappropriation.

On the Knife’s Edge: Yemen’s instability and the threat to American interests
ISN, November 20, 2009
This policy brief outlines the severity of Yemen's internal security challenges and offers several policy recommendations to improve regional stability and reduce the threat to US national interests. The authors argue that the deteriorating situation in Yemen, resulting from separatist and insurgent movements as well as a growing presence of al-Qaida demands immediate US attention. Otherwise, the authors argue, the likelihood of Yemen becoming a failed state will increase. The authors call for US commitment to a comprehensive engagement plan including diplomatic pressure, regional dialogue and economic incentives.

India: Defense in Mind
Lemonde Diplomatique, November 23, 2009
These two graphics display India’s defense mechanisms as they pertain to major sea routes, military bases, strategic chokepoints, and foreign force projection.  The graphic also displays the Indian Diaspora, nuclear disposition, and areas of cultural/ethnic violence.

Iran’s Naval Forces: From Guerilla Warfare to a Modern Naval Strategy
Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI), Fall 2009
A new report from the U.S. Office of Naval Intelligence describes Iran’s naval order of battle, as well as the Iranian Navy’s history, strategic options, and favored tactics.  The unclassified U.S. intelligence assessment was published on the Office of Naval Intelligence website, but last week it was abruptly withdrawn, along with another ONI report on China’s navy. 

Energy and Geopolitics in China
CSIS Energy and National Security Program, November 23, 2009
The world was surprised when China emerged in 2004 as a major importer and consumer of oil. Today, that surprise has been replaced by growing concern that the China of tomorrow may be in a position to challenge the United States not only for economic leadership but for political leadership as well.  This report explores, among other issues, the limits to growth that currently confront China. The author analyzes how the country seeks to reduce its vulnerability deriving from its ever-increasing reliance on imports of oil, including the issue of diversity among sources of supply and how that supply moves to China. Threats to supply lines are examined and means to offset those threats are spelled out. In addition, the report considers China’s demographic dilemma—a population and declining birthrates—a challenge that may very well define China’s future.

Russia-Georgia Relations
ISN, November 23, 2009
This paper looks at the state of Georgian-Russian relations one year after the end of both countries' conflict. It reviews the findings of the EU war report, discusses Georgia's policy toward Russia and the disputed regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, and examines the Georgians' attitudes to Russia. Subsequently, it presents the findings of related opinion polls.

Counter Ideology: Role of Media Relations
ISN, November 18, 2009
This commentary examines the importance of effective media relations for counter ideology groups and counter ideology work in Muslim communities. In it a group of journalists share their views on how self-help groups should relate to the media to forge greater cooperation in inoculating the public from extremist propaganda

Infostate of Africa 2009
Appfrica Labs, November 13, 2009
People often only see Africa from one perspective, here’s another. This infographic details some of the happenings over the past few years in regards to infrastructure improvement and capacity building in Africa, particularly in the area of the internet and cost. The sources are various reports from the International Monetary Fund, InternetWorldStats, the Millennium Development Goals, research papers, various websites, executive market research and more; compiling some fascinating facts about the continent’s ‘infostate’ (trends in information technology and communication).

The People’s Liberation Army Navy: a modern navy with Chinese characteristics
Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI), November 2009
“China’s modernization efforts have principally focused on preparing for a Taiwan conflict, with a large portion directed at developing capabilities to deter, delay, and if necessary degrade potential U.S. military intervention,” the ONI report said. China has “developed the world’s only anti-ship ballistic missile,” which ONI said was “specifically designed to defeat U.S. carrier strike groups” in the event of military conflict over Taiwan.
Supplemental Reading:
The Congressional Research Service provided additional information in “China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities — Background and Issues for Congress” (pdf), updated October 21, 2009

Map of Multilateral Peace Operations Deployments
ISN, November 2009
This link offered by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) provides a map and estimates of the size and start date of multilateral peace operation deployments worldwide.

Exploring the Reach and Limitations of Iranian Power in the Middle East
RAND, November 2009
Following the U.S. invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan, the Iranian threat to U.S. interests has taken on seemingly unprecedented qualities of aggressiveness and urgency. Added to its provocative positions on the nuclear program, support for non-state militants, and development of threatening military capabilities is the sense that Iran is trying to effect far-reaching changes on the regional and even global stage. Within this context, this report aims to provide policy planners with a new framework for anticipating and preparing for the strategic challenges Iran will present over the next ten to fifteen years. In an analysis grounded in the observation that although Iranian power projection is marked by strengths, it also has serious liabilities and limitations, this report assesses four critical areas — the
  1. Iranian regime's perception of itself as a regional and even global power,
  2. Iran's conventional military buildup and aspirations for asymmetric warfare,
  3. Its support to Islamist militant groups,
  4. and its appeal to Arab public opinion.

19 November 2009

Nov 13 – Nov 19, 2009





2010 Army Weapon Systems Handbook
US Army, November 18, 2009
The U.S. Army has published the latest edition of its Army Weapon Systems handbook, cataloging dozens of Army weapons with descriptive information, status updates, contractor relationships, and images.  “The systems listed in this book are not isolated, individual products,” the introduction says. “Rather, they are part of an integrated investment approach to make the Army of the future able to deal successfully with the challenges it will face.”


US Navy Arctic Roadmap
US Navy Task Force Climate Change (TFCC), October 2009
The dwindling Arctic ice cap has launched an international race for control of northern waters: Russia, Canada, Denmark, and even China are hustling to expand their military presence, plant flags and eye those 90 billion barrels of natural gas under the cap. Now the U.S. Navy’s getting ready for the thaw, with a strategic plan to maximize the U.S. stake up north.
The Navy’s Arctic Roadmap opens with an acknowledgment that worldwide temperatures are on the rise — especially up north.  “The Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the globe. While significant uncertainty exists in projections for Arctic ice extent, the current scientific consensus indicates the Arctic may experience nearly ice-free summers sometime in the 2030s,” the document notes.

Bangladesh – India Relations: some recent trends
ISN Publication, November 12, 2009
This paper explores the critical facets of contemporary Bangladesh-India relations and deal with the broad issues that directly impinge on this relationship. In assessing the challenges between the two countries and the need to overcome them, the author examines trends and explores a possible framework for the future direction of India-Bangladesh relations. He stresses the need for greater understanding, dialogue, diplomacy, regional cooperation and less interference in each other’s internal affairs.

The Democratic Party of Japan and North Korea Policy
ISN Publication, November 16, 2009
This brief analyzes the Democratic Party of Japan's North Korea policy and its alignment with US policy. The author argues that despite divergence on other issues, the new Japanese government and the US will stay closely aligned on North Korea.

Turkey, Russia and the Caucasus: Common and Diverging Interests
Chatham House Briefing Papers, November 2009
The Russo-Georgian conflict in August 2008 compelled decision-makers in Ankara to reassess their policies towards Russia and the Caucasus. Turkey had developed burgeoning economic and political ties with Russia and maintained close links with neighboring Georgia. The conflict raised questions over whether Turkey would become a key energy transit state given the deteriorating security situation in the South Caucasus. Relations between Ankara and Moscow were challenged as both had previously stressed their common interests in preserving regional stability. However, the conflict opened up possibilities for Turkey to normalize relations with Armenia, although this could upset Ankara’s close ties with Baku.

 

The Political Situation in Russia’s Regions

Center for Security Studies (CSS), November 09, 2009
This paper provides insights into Russia's regional politics, presenting four case studies. It addresses the general trends and special features of Russia's subnational authoritarianism, examines the political transformation of local government regimes through an analysis of elites and comments on the governor of St Petersburg. Furthermore, it assesses the implications of plans to redirect regional rents from oil and gas production from Tyumen Oblast to the federal center in Moscow.

http://kms1.isn.ethz.ch/serviceengine/Files/ISN/109380/ipublicationdocument_singledocument/C0EED8B5-88F0-4475-ACF7-8B8A7BD9B1DE/en/Russian_Analytical_Digest_67.pdf

 

APEC at 20

ISN Publication, November 11, 2009
This paper comments on the achievements of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation forum (APEC) in its 20 years of existence. The author examines whether the consensual, inclusive norm that has propelled APEC can be the driving force to bind regional groups together.

http://kms1.isn.ethz.ch/serviceengine/Files/ISN/109530/ipublicationdocument_singledocument/9652D759-5997-4AD2-89E1-4B7AEB9E48E0/en/RSIS1112009.pdf

 

The Armed Forces of Southeast Asia in 2020

ISN Publication, November 10, 2009
This paper argues that the future shape and structure of the armed forces of Southeast Asia is a fundamental question for the region's military. According to the author, the way in which the regional armed forces answer this question will be shaped by three considerations: technologies of the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA), escaping the US' technological universe, and how to afford the RMA.

http://kms1.isn.ethz.ch/serviceengine/Files/ISN/109524/ipublicationdocument_singledocument/364867E5-DE4D-4AE5-95C5-E9A3C336C471/en/RSIS1102009.pdf

 

Different Lenses on the Future: US and Singaporean approaches to strategic planning

ISN Publication, November 04, 2009
This paper compares government strategic planning in Singapore with that of the US, and examines the contextual differences that give rise to their divergent approaches. While Singapore does not enjoy the US' size advantage, the author argues that its approach is enabled as much by cultural, historical and geographical factors as it is by government willingness to invest in organizational innovation. He concludes with an assessment of what the two countries can learn from each other.

http://kms1.isn.ethz.ch/serviceengine/Files/ISN/109532/ipublicationdocument_singledocument/AD7F7189-E642-4620-BE7F-1418C280B087/en/WP186.pdf

 

Capability of the People’s Republic of China to Conduct Cyber Warfare and Computer Network Exploitation

Northrop Grumman, for the US-China Economic and Security Review Commission, October 9, 2009
This paper presents a comprehensive open source assessment of China’s capability to conduct computer network operations (CNO) both during peacetime and periods of conflict. The result will hopefully serve as useful reference to policymakers, China specialists, and information operations professionals. The research for this project encompassed five broad categories to show how the People’s Republic of China (PRC) is pursuing computer network operations (CNO) and the extent to which it is being implemented.

SAUDI ARABIA: Ideological and Financial Center of Jihad?
South Asia Analysis Group, paper #3499, November 11, 2009
With fusion of religion and political control, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia derived religious legitimacy from being the custodian of the two holiest shrines and controller of annual Haj pilgrimage and positioned itself to be the authoritative voice of Islamic world. However, when it faced the challenge of the Jihadi terrorists in its own land in late seventies of last century, it started spending billions of dollars for spreading Wahhabism in different countries with the objective to developing a clout in Islamic establishments. Due to this persistent and ruthless endeavour Wahhabi thought and customs are not only taking root among sizeable section of world Muslims but are also making inroads even among the peace loving faithfuls.

India’s Strategic Defense Transformation: expanding global relationships

Strategic Studies Institute – US Army War College, November 11, 2009
India’s transformation to modernize its military, obtain “strategic partnerships” with the United States and other nations, and expand its influence in the Indian Ocean and beyond includes a shift from an emphasis on the former Soviet Union as the primary supplier of defense articles to a western base of supply and an increasing emphasis on bilateral exercises and training with many of the global powers. The author explores the nature of this transformation, offers insights into the history of Indian defense relations, and suggests implications to U.S. foreign and defense policy. Much has been written regarding India’s relations with its neighbors, especially Pakistan and China. The author adds a new perspective by taking a global view of India’s rise as a regional and future global military power through its bilateral defense relations and the potential conflict this creates with India’s legacy as a leader of the Non-Aligned Movement.

12 November 2009

Nov 5 – Nov 12, 2009




Who is the Imam Consulted by the Ft. Hood Assassin?: A Look at the Terrorist Ties of Anwar al-Aulaqi and the Radicalization Process

International Assessment and Strategy Center, by Susan Schmidt, November 9, 2009

Anwar al-Aulaqi (also spelled as ‘Awlaki’), the former imam of mosques in Falls Church and San Diego was a spiritual advisor to two of the 9/11 hijackers and Nidal Hasan (Ft. Hood assassin).  Aulaqi is suspected of involvement in terrorist plots directed at the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and other parts of the world. 
Related articles: 


Global Maritime and Air Communities of Interest Intelligence Enterprises
DNI Inaugural Report, November 2009
This report discusses the progress that has been made in the maritime and air intelligence enterprises, but focuses on the challenges that still remain.  With increasing threats to ports and waterways, it is important to overcome the remaining challenges in both air and maritime intelligence “to overcome cultural and institutional resistance” to cooperation, particularly given the “sharply diminished” sense of urgency since 9/11.

Afghan National Security Forces: Shaping Host Country Forces as Part of Armed Nation Building
Center for Strategic & International Studies (CSIS), Draft November 4, 2009
Executive Summary: Afghanistan and Iraq have both shown that the United States must look far beyond the normal definition of counterinsurgency to determine how it can conduct armed nation building as a critical element of hybrid warfare. This requires an integrated civil-military effort in which providing lasting security for the population, and economic and political stability, will often be far more important than success in tactical engagements with enemy forces. It also requires the US to understand that important as its traditional allies are, the key ally will be the host country and not simply its government but its population.


Analysing and Managing the Political Dynamics of Sector Reforms: Sourcebook on Sector-level Political Economy Approaches
ISN Publication, November 2009
This paper presents approaches, frameworks and studies designed to analyze and manage political dynamics of sector reforms in the context of development cooperation. The author identifies four types of dynamics impact on reforms at the sector-level: sector-specific dynamics, cross-sectoral dynamics, the dynamics of the political process and country-wide dynamics.

2009 Business Social Media Benchmarking Study
Business.com, November 2009
This study "was designed to assess current trends in the use of social media in North American businesses. Based on 2,948 valid responses to our online Business Social Media Benchmarking Survey during August and early September, 2009, the results provide a very useful benchmark for where businesses, and business people, are finding value in social media across different activities and sites. The study was focused on social media utilization – how people and companies are using social media in a work context today – and not on adoption."

Deconstructing Analysis Techniques
Johnny Holland Magazine, February 2009
Analysis is that oft-glossed over, but extremely important step in the research process that sits between observation (data gathering) and our design insights or recommendations. In many respects, analysis is crucial to realizing the value of our research since good analysis can salvage something from bad research, but the converse is not so true. This is where the literature tends to fall a little silent, jumping over the analysis techniques straight to a discussion of how best to document and communicate the findings from analysis. This article seeks to begin to redress that imbalance by breaking down the analysis black box into its major sub-techniques.

EU Organised Crime Threat Assessment
Europol, 2009
This is "the fourth European Union Organised Crime Threat Assessment (2009 OCTA). The OCTA is a core product of the intelligence-led law enforcement concept and its drafting is one of Europol’s top priorities."

India: FICCI’s Report “Task Force Report on National Security & Terrorism”
FICCI, 2009


Future Soldier Systems: Promise or Hubris of the Network-Centric Infantryman
ISN Publication, November 5, 2009
This commentary examines the possibilities and limitations of 'Future Soldier' (FS) systems, which are based upon network-centric technology but do not address the complex human-centric issues associated with urban warfare. The author makes reference to the US Army's Land Warrior System and the Singapore Armed Forces' Combat Man System, noting their weight and power-supply problems, before warning against the dehumanization and micro-managing tendencies of FS.

Venezuela: Accelerating the Bolivarian Revolution
ISN Publication, November 5, 2009
This brief examines the acceleration of the Bolivarian revolution in Venezuela and the status of Hugo Chavez's rule. The brief notes that despite mounting economic problems and societal tensions, Chavez is likely to retain control of the National Assembly and of the pace and direction of change in the country. Although opposition forces are attempting to challenge Chavez in the 2010 elections, 2009 has been a year of intensification of Chavez's anti-democratic and anti-liberal policies.

India Assembly Elections 2009: Another Blow for the Bharatiya Janata Party
ISN Publication, November 3, 2009
This paper examines the results of the October 2009 assembly elections in three Indian states – Maharashtra, Haryana and Arunachal Pradesh. It analyzes the reasons for the Congress Party's victory and the Bharatiya Janata Party's (BJP) defeat. The author observes that, apart from Arunachal Pradesh, the Congress Party's successes in Maharashtra and Haryana were not entirely convincing. What however unequivocally emerged, he argues, was that the BJP's lacklustre campaign contributed to the Congress Party's victories. He concludes that the BJP, bereft of any leadership, virtually lost the elections even before they began.

04 November 2009

Oct 29 – Nov 04, 2009



Shades of Red: China’s Debate over North Korea
ISN Publication
This publication discusses the relationship between China and North Korea. It explains the rationale behind China's foreign policy towards North Korea and points out that a stable North Korea is its main interest. The report also describes how China sees the role of the US in the region.

Schools for Strategy: Teaching Strategy for 21st Century Conflict

ISN Publication

This paper emphasizes the necessity for strategic education to help develop the way of thinking that can solve or illuminate strategic problems. The author advises that such education should not strive for a spurious relevance by presenting a military variant of current affairs. Furthermore, the author argues that a liberal education in the classical sense must be helpful to the human performance, which is a key enabler of high quality in national strategic performance.

CTR Vantage: al-Shabaab's recruitment tactics in the West
Center for Terrorism Research at the Foundation for the Defense of Democracies
The Center for Terrorism Research at the Foundation for the Defense of Democracies has released the first issue of CTR Vantage. Each issue of CTR Vantage will focus on a specific terrorism-related theme. This first issue examines al-Shabaab's recruitment tactics in the West, and efforts that have been made to minimize Shabaab's potential allure in Somali diaspora communities.
The lead article discusses the October 13th indictment of Somali-American, Abbow Munye Abdow, and the application of "false statement" charges in terrorism cases.
The second article is a comprehensive backgrounder on al-Shabaab and the history of the Islamist groups in Somalia.
The third article, titled "Al-Shabaab Recruiting in the West," takes a comprehensive look at what we know about the group's efforts to recruit fighters in the United States, and in other Western countries.
The final article concerns the efficacy of the Somali president's recent diplomatic efforts in Minneapolis, Columbus, OH, and Chicago.
Future issues of CTR Vantage will cover aspects of the Black Nationalist/Islamist movement in the U.S., lessons learned from the terror plots of 2009. CTR Vantage will be published every two to three weeks.

The Fatal Allure of Extremist Logic: Syaifudin Zuhri and the July 17 Suicide Bombers

ISN Publication
This article looks at the recruiting tactics of one of the perpetrators of the twin hotel bombings in Jakarta in July 2009, Syaifudin Zuhri Djaelani. The author finds that the suicide bombers he recruited were bright young men who were idealistic and intellectually curious. However, dissatisfaction with the state of affairs in the Muslim world helped the extremist narrative for a wider Muslim struggle that convinced these young men to sacrifice themselves for the cause.

Crisis Watch, Nr. 75: October 2009
ISN Publication
This issue of CrisisWatch summarizes developments during the month of October 2009 in some 70 situations of ongoing or potential conflict. These are listed alphabetically by region and provide references and links to more detailed information sources. It assesses whether the overall situation in each case has, during the previous month, significantly deteriorated, improved or on balance remained unchanged. Moreover, it alerts readers to situations where there is a particular risk of escalated conflict or, on the other hand, a conflict resolution opportunity.

The North Carolina Jihad Cell and the Quantico Marine Base Plot
NEFA- “Target: America” Series
The NEFA Foundation has released the 22nd report in the “Target: America” series, a PowerPoint presentation on the accused jihadist network operating in Raleigh, North Carolina and an alleged plot, involving members of that cell, to attack the U.S. Marine Corps base in Quantico, Virginia. 

CTC Sentinel: Vol.12 Issue 10
Combating Terrorism Center at West Point
Articles include:
A Profile of the TTP’s New Leader: Hakimullah Mehsud (Featured Article)
The October 2009 Terrorist Attack in Italy and its Wider Implications
LIFG Revisions Unlikely to Reduce Jihadist Violence
Rethinking Strategies to Secure U.S. Critical Infrastructure
Israel as an Al-Qa`ida Target: Sorting Rhetoric From Reality
Understanding History’s Seven Stages of Jihad
Mao Tse-tung and the Search for 21st Century Counterinsurgency